Academic Peace Orchestra Middle East

The transformations broadly grouped under the term Arab Spring have shaken the foundations of a variety of Middle East regimes. This POLICY BRIEF provides an overview of different cases where changes of and within the regime have taken place, as well as yet unsolved situations, with a view to the upcoming Middle East Conference. Although the lack of progress in the PalestinianIsraeli conflict as well as the international debate over the Iranian nuclear program are still contentious issues, the Arab Spring uprisings and their aftermath may provide a new context in which arms control initiatives could be more successful. It is too optimistic to think that existing dilemmas can be easily resolved in this new and changing environment, but the Arab Spring may provide strong momentum for change. For the Facilitator of the Middle East Conference and his team the following factors should form a checklist of issues requiring immediate attention: how domestic events positively or negatively affect the decisions of involved actors; which countries are to take a leading and constructive role in the MEC process; how to benefi t from a more visible Arab League; and fi nally, the Facilitator and his team should not ignore those countries which so far have not been affected by the Arab Spring but which will nevertheless be important for the Middle East Conference process. n This POLICY BRIEF draws on the contributions of a number of participants from the ACADEMIC PEACE ORCHESTRA MIDDLE EAST workshop held in Barcelona, Spain, from January 24–27, 2012. Participants came from a number of Arab countries as well as Turkey, Israel, the United States, Germany, Spain, and Hungary.